4-Methylbenzylidene camphor

4-Methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC) is an endocrine disrupter that produces estrogen-like effects. 4-Methylbenzylidene camphor decreases the proliferation of human trophoblast cells and induces apoptosis. 4-Methylbenzylidene camphor activates PI3K/AKT and ERK1/2 signaling pathways and elevates intracellular ROS production. 4-Methylbenzylidene camphor is a ultraviolet (UV) filter and may hamper normal placental formation during early pregnancy^[1][2]. In Vitro: 4-Methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC; 5-400 μM; for 48 h) inhibits proliferation of HTR8/SVneo cell^[1].
4-Methylbenzylidene camphor (10-50 μM; for 48 h) induces apoptotic cell death of human trophoblast cells^[1].
4-Methylbenzylidene camphor (5-50 μM; for 48 h) increased the proportion of cells in the SubG1 phase^[1].
4-Methylbenzylidene camphor (50 μM; for 48 h) reduces invasion of human trophoblast cells^[1].
4-Methylbenzylidene camphor (50 μM; 5-120 min) activates PI3K/AKT and ERK1/2 signaling pathways in human trophoblast cells^[1].
4-Methylbenzylidene camphor (20-50 μM; 24 h) significantly increases the expression of SEMA6 A, GPR56, ITGB4, EPHB4, NRP1^[1].
In Vivo: 4-Methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC; 0.7, 7, 24, 47 mg/kg/day; administered in chow to the parent generation before mating, during pregnancy and lactation, and to the offspring until adulthood) causes exhibited enhanced prostate growth and altered uterine gene expression in Neonates^[2].