Triclosan

Triclosan is a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent that inhibits bacterial fatty acid synthesis at the enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (FabI) step. Triclosan inhibits E. coli enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (FabI) and FabI containing a glycine-to-valine substitution at position 93 (FabIG93V) with IC₅₀s of 2 µM and 10 µM, respectively. Triclosan causes apoptotic effect in cultured rat neural stem cells (NSC). Triclosan exacerbates colitis and colitis-associated colorectal tumorigenesis in animal models^[1][2][3]. In Vitro:Triclosan (1-100 μM ; 24 h) decreases in cell viability in dose and time dependent manners with 50 and 100 μM. Triclosan with 50 μM significantly increases cleaved caspase3 and Bax proteins and decreases Bcl-2^[2].
Triclosan (50 μM ; 1-3 h) induces the increased expressions of both phosphorylated p38 and JNK proteins^[2].
Triclosan (10-50 μM ; 3 h) with 50 μM decreases the GSH activity and increases the ROS generation to about 40% in cultured NSCs^[2].
In Vivo:Triclosan (5, 50, 500 mg/kg; oral gavage, five days a week for a total of four weeks) causes an increase in the production of anti-Der f IgE, IL-4, and IL-13^[3].