Diuron

Diuron is an orally active phenylurea herbicide. Diuron inhibits photosynthesis in plants by blocking the formation of ATP and NADH. Diuron increases the production of ROS. Diuron increases expression of p53 in certain cell lines. Diuron has herbicidal activity against annual and perennial broadleaf weeds and grass weeds. Diuron promotes DMBA/BBN-induced bladder cancer. Diuron can be used in breast cancer research^{[1][2][3][4][5][6]}. In Vitro:Diuron (100 nM-200 μM; 24-72 h) significantly increases ROS production in BeWo cells and reduces their cell viability^[1].
Diuron (100 nM-200 μM; 24-72 h) significantly increases ROS production in MCF-7 cells and induces DNA damage^[1].
Diuron (40-160 ppm; 6-96 h) inhibits Allium cepa root tip cell division, induces various mitotic abnormalities, and causes morphological changes^[4].
In Vivo:Diuron (25-2500 ppm; mixed in diet; p.o.; 20 weeks) can induce urothelial hyperplasia in the bladder and renal pelvis in Wistar rats, showing a dose-response relationship^[3].
Diuron (1250-2500 ppm; mixed in diet; p.o.; 13 weeks) promotes the occurrence of bladder cancer induced by DMBA/BBN, increases urothelial cell proliferation and the incidence of simple/nodular hyperplasia in female Swiss mice^[6].