Monocrotaline
CAS No. : 315-22-0
(Synonyms: Crotaline)
| Size | Price | Stock |
|---|---|---|
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| 100mg | $110 | In-stock |
| 200mg | $200 | In-stock |
| 500mg | $450 | In-stock |
| 1g | $550 | In-stock |
| 5g | $920 | In-stock |
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| Cat. No. : | HY-N0750 |
| M.Wt: | 325.36 |
| Formula: | C16H23NO6 |
| Purity: | >98 % |
| Solubility: | DMSO : 25 mg/mL (ultrasonic;warming;heat to 60°C);H2O : 2 mg/mL (ultrasonic) |
Monocrotaline is an 11-membered macrocyclic pyrrolizidine alkaloid. Monocrotaline inhibits OCT-1 and OCT-2 with IC50s of 36.8 µM and 1.8 mM, respectively. Monocrotaline has antitumor activity and is cytotoxic to hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Monocrotaline is used to induce a model of pulmonary hypertension in rodents. [2][6][8].
In Vitro:Monocrotaline a natural ligand exhibits dose-dependent cytotoxicity with potent antineoplastic activity. The in vitro cytotoxicity of monocrotaline is proved at IC50 24.966 μg/mL and genotoxicity at 2 X IC50 against HepG2 cells[2].
In Vivo:Note:
Please do not refer to only one article to determine the experimental conditions. It is recommended to determine the optimal experimental conditions (animal strain, age, dosage, frequency and cycle, detection time and indicators, etc.) through preliminary experiments before the formal experiment.
MCT causes a pulmonary vascular syndrome in rats characterized by proliferative pulmonary vasculitis, pulmonary hypertension (PH), and cor pulmonale[3].
Among preclinical models of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), monocrotaline animal model offers the advantage of mimic several key aspects of human PAH, including vascular remodeling, proliferation of smooth muscle cells, endothelial dysfunction, upregulation of inflammatory cytokines, and right ventricle failure, requiring a single drug injection[4].
Changes in multiple pathways associated with the development of PH, including activated glycolysis, increased markers of proliferation, disruptions in carnitine homeostasis, increased inflammatory and fibrosis biomarkers, and a reduction in glutathione biosynthesis are observed with the injection of monocrotaline[5].
Monocrotaline (60 mg/kg; i.p.; single dose), followed by Astragaloside (ASIV) (10 and 30 mg/kg/day for 21 days), significantly increases pulmonary artery pressure and promotes pulmonary artery structural remodeling and right ventricular hypertrophy in rats[7].
Monocrotaline (60 mg/kg; i.p.; single dose) causes Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in rat models in 3-4 weeks[7].
Monocrotaline (60 mg/kg; i.p. Single dose), 7 days after surgery, exhibits dose-dependent cytotoxicity and shows potent antitumor activity in a rat model of left pneumonectomy [9].
NOTE: Monocrotaline is dissolved in 1 N HCl, diluted in sterile saline and adjusted to pH 7.0 with 1 N NaOH[7].
Administration: 60 mg/kg • sc • single dose • Control group: saline solution
Administration: 600 mg/kg • sc • once weekly for 4 weeks
(2) Extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from the circulation or lungs of mice with monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension induce right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) and pulmonary vascular remodeling when injected into healthy mice.
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