Oleocanthal

Oleocanthal is an orally active phenolic seciridoid compound. Oleocanthal can be extracted from olive oil. Oleocanthal inhibits COX-1 and COX-2, reduces ROS and NO, and upregulates Nrf-2 and HO-1. Oleocanthal reduces Aβ deposition. Oleocanthal exhibits anti-Leishmania activity against promastigotes and amastigotes of L. major, with IC₅₀ values of 18.7 and 87 μg/mL, respectively. Oleocanthal exhibits anticancer activity against colon, breast, liver, and melanoma cancers. Oleocanthal also exhibits anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. Oleocanthal can be used in Alzheimer's disease research^{[1][2][3][4][5][6]}. IC50 & Target:COX-1/2^[1]. In Vitro:Oleocanthal (25-100 μM) reduces ROS, nitrites, and pro-inflammatory cytokines levels in LPS-stimulated murine peritoneal macrophages^[1].
Oleocanthal (1-25 μM; 12 h) decreases LPS-induced NOS2 synthesis and NO production in ATDC-5 chondrocytes^[2].
Oleocanthal (0-200 μg/mL; 48-60 h) inhibits the growth of L. major promastigotes and amastigotes, presenting IC₅₀ values of 18.7 and 87 μg/mL, respectively^[5].
Oleocanthal shows inhibitory activity against COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes^[6]. In Vivo:Oleocanthal (10 mg/kg/day; p.o.; daily; 3 months) improves metabolic and behavioral phenotypes, reduces Aβ deposition, and ameliorates BBB function in 5xFAD mice^[3].
Oleocanthal (5 mg/kg b.w.; i.p.; 3 times/week; 16 total doses) suppresses footpad thickness, decreases parasite load, and induces Th1-type immunity in L. major-infected BALB/c mice^[5].