Tilorone

Tilorone is an orally active antiviral agent and interferon inducer that also has potential antineoplastic, immunomodulatory, and metabolic modulating effects. Tilorone induces an abnormally delayed interferon response and primarily stimulates interferon production in lymphoid tissue. Thus, Tilorone exerts antiviral effects and can be used as a chemotherapeutic agent. Tilorone has the potential to inhibit type 2 diabetes by increasing glucose uptake in vivo and in skeletal muscle cells by enhancing Akt2/AS160 signaling and glucose transporter levels^{[1][2][3][4][5]}. In Vitro:Tilorone (0.8-500 μg/mL; 2 d) induces insignificant interferon production in peritoneal macrophages and lymphocytes^[1].
Tilorone has 52% of human plasma proteins Binding rate, excellent plasma stability, mouse liver microsomal half-life of 48 minutes^[2].
Tilorone (20, 35 nM; 40 h) increases bone morphology in myoblasts The expression of BMP and Smad4^[3].
Tilorone (20, 35 nM; 40 h) can also increase the expression of GLUT and glucose uptake in C2C12 cells^[3] .
Tilorone (3 μM-20 μM; 72 h) can also selectively target PC3 cells with low CDK5 activity^[4] .
In Vivo:Tilorone (50-250 mg/kg; po; single dose) can induce a delayed but not prolonged interferon response; and affects circulating interferon levels in a dose-dependent manner^[1].
The maximum tolerated single dose of Tilorone in mice is 100 mg/kg; pharmacokinetic results of Tilorone (2, 10 mg/kg; ip) in mice indicate that Tilorone has a high absorption rate and is The half-life in mice is 18 hours, but exposure in male mice is higher^[2].
Tilorone (25-50 mg/kg; ip; once daily for 8 days ) protects 90% of Ebola virus-infected mice from lethal challenge^[2].
Tilorone (25 mg/kg; iv; single dose) enhances immunity in small Uptake of the radiolabeled glucose analog ¹⁸F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose in rats^[3].