Methylisothiazolinone

Methylothiazolinone is a bacterial and fungal inhibitor and preservative, as well as a sensitizer. Methylisothiazolinone can activate matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in human bronchial epithelial cells to induce apoptosis and inflammatory response. Methylisothiazolinone can promote the development of atopic dermatitis in mice by disrupting Th2/Th17 related immune responses. Methylisothiazolinone can cause mitochondrial damage in the endothelium of rat cerebral blood vessels^[1][2][4].
In Vitro:Methylisothiazolinone (0-8 μg/mL, 24 h) induces cell apoptosis and inflammatory response by activating matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in human bronchial epithelial cells^[1].
Methylisothiazolinone (0-2.5 μg/mL, 1 h) can cause mitochondrial damage in brain endothelial cells^[2].
In Vivo:Methylisothiazolinone (0.15 mg/kg; once; i.v.) can increase the susceptibility of rat cerebral vascular endothelium to endogenous pathological stimuli and lead to mitochondrial damage^[2].
Methylisothiazolinone (20 or 40 μL; handling skin (20 μL), days 1 and 8; intranasal instillation (40 μL), day 15) can cause sensitization in asthmatic mice when handled on the skin^[3].
Methylisothiazolinone (0.1875 mg/kg CMIT/MIT; once daily; 15 days; epidermal contact) promotes the development of atopic dermatitis in mice through Th2/Th17 related immune response dysregulation^[4].