Nimbolide

Nimbolide is a triterpene compound that can be isolated from neem (Azadirachta indica), possesses anticancer and antiproliferative activity. Nimbolide induces tumor cell apoptosis by inhibiting NF-κB and CDK4/CDK6 kinase. Nimbolide suppresses the Wnt, PI3K-Akt, MAPK and JAK-STAT signaling pathways^[1][2]. In Vitro:Nimbolide (2 μM, 1-2 h) blocks growth factor-induced phosphorylation of Akt, ERK1/2, and STAT3 in U87EGFRvIII cells^[2].
Nimbolide (2-6 μM, 24 h) inhibits the IGF-I-mediated breast cancer cell proliferation in MCF-7/MDA-MB-231 cells^[3].
Nimbolide (2-6 μM, 24 h) inhibits proliferation and causes G0/G1-phase arrest through repression of cyclins (A1/B/C/D1/E1) in MCF-7/MDA-MB-231 cells^[3].
Nimbolide (0-6 μM, 30 min) increases the expression of DUSP4, increases E-cadherin, Snail and MMP-3 expression^[4].
Nimbolide (0-6 μM, 12 h) suppresses invasion and migration of NSCLC cells^[4].
Nimbolide (0-10 μM, 12 h) inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells^[5].
Nimbolide (10 μM, 0-12 h) inhibits NF-κB activation in HCT-116/HT-29/Caco-2 cells by a time-dependent manner^[5].
In Vivo:Nimbolide (10 mg/kg, i.v., daily, 7 days) inhibits glioblastoma multiforme tumor growth in U87EGFRvⅢ xenografted mouse model^[2].
Nimbolide (5 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg; i.p.; daily, 10 days), inhibits tumor growth in HCT-116-derived xenograft mouse, reduces the expression of proteins involved in invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis (MMP-9, CXCR4, ICAM-1, and VEGF)^[5].