Bryonolic acid

Bryonolic acid is an active triterpenoid compound with immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anticancer activities^[1][2][3]. In Vitro: Bryonolic acid exerts anti-allergic activity by inhibiting homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis and delayed hypersensitivity. Bryonolic acid reduces nitric oxide by suppressing inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, indicating anti-inflammatory activity^[1].
In rat adrenal pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells, Bryonolic acid against N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced neurotoxicity, indicating it as a candidate neuroprotective agent for cerebral ischemic treatment^[1].
Bryonolic acid (1-200 μM) inhibits acyl-coA: cholesterol acyl transferase (ACAT) activity in rat liver microsomes in a concentration-dependent manner, blocking the biosynthesis of the cholesterol fatty acid ester tumour promoter. Bryonolic acid inhibits ACAT in intact cancer cells with an IC₅₀ of 12.6 µM^[2].
Bryonolic acid inhibits both clonogenicity and invasiveness in MCF-7 MB-231, U87 and 3T3-EA cells^[2]. In Vivo: Bryonolic acid (500 mg/kg; i.p.; once) potently induces HO-1 in a manner dependent on the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway^[3].