Fast Green FCF

Fast Green FCF is a sea green triarylmethane food dye, with absorption maximum ranging from 622 to 626 nm. Fast Green FCF inhibits α-synuclein aggregation, as well as Aβ and P2X4 receptor, and TLR4/Myd88/NF-κB. Fast Green FCF is widely used as a staining agent like quantitative stain for histones at alkaline pH after acid extraction of DNA, and as a protein stain in electrophoresis. Fast Green FCF improves cognitive impairment, depression, relieves pain allergies, and promotes reproductive function^{[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]}. In Vitro:Fast Green FCF (molar ratios of HEWL/FCF: 1 to 0.01-1 to 1, 10 days) suppresses the generation of lysozyme fibrils in a concentration-dependent manner and exhibits disaggregating activity against the preformed/existing lysozyme fibrils^[2].
Fast Green FCF (100 μg/mL-1 mg/mL) inhibits synaptic activity in rat hippocampal interneurons, with half-maximum effective concentration of ~200 μg/mL (250 μM)^[3].
Fast Green FCF (5-100 μM, 24 h) inhibits α-synuclein aggregation, disassembles mature fibrils and protects against amyloid-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells^[4].
Fast green FCF (molar ratios of Aβ40 to FGF of 3:1-1:3) alleviates the cytotoxicity induced by Aβ40 fibrillogenesis in PC12 cells^[5].
In Vivo:Fast Green FCF (100 mg/kg, i.p., 30 min prior to each trial) attenuates Aβ-induced cognitive impairment in mice^[5].
Fast Green FCF (10-100 mg/kg, i.p., once daily, 30 min before surgery) prevents postoperative cognitive dysfunction via the downregulation of the P2X4 receptor in mice^[6].
Fast Green FCF (100 mg/kg, i.p., daily for 7 days) attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced depressive-like behavior and downregulates TLR4/Myd88/NF-κB signal pathway in the mouse hippocampus^[7].
Fast Green FCF (30-100 mg/kg, i.p., daily for 9 days) alleviates pain hypersensitivity and down-regulates the levels of spinal P2X4 expression and pro-inflammatory cytokines in a rodent inflammatory pain model^[8].
Fast Green FCF (0.017-0.041 gm per kg body weight, p.o., 42 days) causes a significant decrease in testicular weight, tubular diameter, sperm density, and sperm motility^[9].