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Alloxan (hydrate)


CAS No. : 2244-11-3

2244-11-3
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Cat. No. : HY-W017227
M.Wt: 160.08
Formula: C4H4N2O5
Purity: >98 %
Solubility: DMSO : 100 mg/mL (ultrasonic);H2O : ≥ 100 mg/mL
Introduction of 2244-11-3 :

Alloxan hydrate is a diabetogenic agent to induce diabetes. Alloxan hydrate is a proteasome inhibitor. Alloxan causes diabetes in experimental animals through its ability to destroy the insulin-secreting B-cells of the pancreas[1][2]. In Vitro:Alloxan hydrate inhibits the peptidase activities of the purified 26S and 20S proteasomes[1]. In Vivo:Note:
Please do not refer to only one article to determine the experimental conditions. It is recommended to determine the optimal experimental conditions (animal strain, age, dosage, frequency and cycle, detection time and indicators, etc.) through preliminary experiments before the formal experiment.

Alloxan hydrate can be used in animal modeling to create diabetes models. Administration of Alloxan hydrate leads to a sharp increase in blood glucose levels in mice, peaking at 45 minutes. Two hours after administration, blood glucose levels decrease to near-hypoglycemic levels, reaching the lowest blood glucose level at 6 hours[3].

Induction of Diabetes[3]
Background
Alloxan hydrate induces diabetes by destroying the pancreas that produces insulin and has a toxic effect on β cells.
Specific Modeling Methods
Mice: albino NMRI • female • 20-25 g
Administration: 70 mg/kg • i.v.
Note
(1) Alloxan hydrate is dissolved in hydrochloric acid (pH=5) and administered via tail vein injection within 10 minutes after dissolution.
(2) Blood sampling was done through the eye socket, with 25μL and 250μL taken to measure blood glucose and plasma insulin levels, respectively.
(3) Blood glucose and plasma insulin levels were measured using enzyme and immunoassays, respectively. Mice with blood glucose levels reaching or exceeding 200 mg/100 mL are considered diabetic.
Modeling Indicators
Molecular changes: Blood sugar levels rise, glycogen in the liver decreases, and insulin levels increase during hypoglycemia.
Correlated Product(s): Streptozotocin (HY-13753)

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