Daunorubicin

Daunorubicin (Daunomycin) is a topoisomerase II inhibitor with potent anti-tumor activity. Daunorubicin inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis. Daunorubicin is a cytotoxin that inhibits cancer cell viability and induces apoptosis and necrosis. Daunorubicin is also an anthracycline antibiotic. Daunorubicin can be used in the research of infection and variety of cancers, including leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphomas, Ewing's sarcoma, Wilms' tumor^[1][2][4][5]. IC50 & Target: Topoisomerase II^[1] In Vitro: Daunorubicin (0-256 μg/mL, 30 min) inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis in sensitive and resistant Ehrlich ascites tumor cells^[2].
Daunorubicin (7 nM-1.9 μM, 72 h) shows chemosensitivity in Molt-4 cells and L3.6 cells^[3][4].
Daunorubicin (0.4 μM, 48 h) induces apoptotic and necrosis in L3.6 cells^[4].
Daunorubicin (0.4 μM, 120 min) induces ROS generation in L3.6 cells^[4].
Daunorubicin (2 μM, 24 h) induces autophagy in K562 cells (myeloid cell line)^[6].
In Vivo: Daunorubicin (intravenous injection, 3 mg/kg, three times at 48 h intervals.) produces cardiotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in rats^[5].
Daunorubicin (intraperitoneal injection, 10 mg/kg) induces sister chromatid exchanges in mice^[7].