Sphinganine 1-phosphate

Sphinganine 1-phosphate (D-erythro-Dihydrosphingosine 1-phosphate) is a polar sphingolipid metabolite that regulates cell migration, differentiation, survival and complex physiological processes^[1]. In Vitro: Sphinganine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a potent signaling molecule involved in cell stress responses, cancer, angiogenesis and lymphocyte trafficking. Sphinganine 1-phosphate functions primarily by activating a subgroup of the endothelial differentiation gene (EDG) family of G-protein coupled cell surface receptors. Sphinganine 1-phosphate has opposite effects in the regulation of cell metabolism. Sphinganine 1-phosphate regulates skeletal muscle differentiation and regeneration^[1].
Sphinganine 1-phosphate (S1P) is involved in cancer. Sphinganine 1-phosphate regulates processes such as inflammation, which can drive tumorigenesis; neovascularization, which provides cancer cells with nutrients and oxygen; and cell growth and survival^[1].
Sphinganine-1-Phosphate (1?μM) phosphorylates ERK MAPK, Akt, and HSP27 and induces HSP27 in human renal endothelial cells^[2]. In Vivo: Sphinganine 1-phosphate can enhance wound healing in diabetic mice^[1]. Sphinganine 1-phosphate provides renal and hepatic protection after liver ischemia and reperfusion (IR) injury in mice through selective activation of S1P1 receptors and pertussis toxin-sensitive G-proteins with subsequent activation of ERK and Akt. Sphinganine 1-phosphate (administered 0.1?mg/kg i.v. immediately before reperfusion and 0.2?mg/kg s.c. 2?h after reperfusion) protects against hepatic and renal injury after liver IR^[2].