Goniothalamin

Goniothalamin is a styryl lactone. Goniothalamin exhibits insecticidal, anti-tumor and antibacterial activities. Goniothalamin induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in tumor cells. Goniothalamin acts as a larvicide against Culex quinquefasciatus larvae and as a cytotoxin against brine shrimp larvae. Goniothalamin functions as an antibacterial agent against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and also acts as an antifungal agent against pathogens including Candida albicans, Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Goniothalamin is applicable to research related to breast cancer, lymphatic filariasis, bacterial infections and fungal infections^[1][2][3]. In Vitro:Goniothalamin (1-30 μM; 24-72 h) potently inhibits the viability of human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells^[1].
Goniothalamin (30 μM; 0-48 h) induces G₂/M phase arrest and apoptosis in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells, and triggers a rapid increase in intracellular ROS levels^[1].

Goniothalamin (30 μM; 0-12 h) induces the time-dependent release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to the cytosol in human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231^[1].
Goniothalamin (30 μM; 0-6 h) induces cdc25C protein degradation in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells^[1].
Goniothalamin (30 μM; 18-48 h) induces late-stage mitochondrial membrane potential loss in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells^[1].
Goniothalamin (1-256 μg/mL; 18 h) exhibits moderate inhibitory activity against Bacillus cereus and Shigella shiga at 64 μg/mL^[2].
Goniothalamin (5-80 ppm; 24 h) exhibits strong cytotoxicity against Artemia salina nauplii, with an LC₅₀ of 5.03 ppm^[2]. In Vivo:Goniothalamin (10-80 p.p.m; 3-24 h) exhibits larvicidal activity against Culex quinquefasciatus larvae^[3].