Deracoxib

Deracoxib (SC 046; SC 59046), an orally active COX-2 inhibitor, is a veterinary nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent used exclusively in dogs. Deracoxib inhibits the COX-2 enzyme to reduce the production of prostaglandins, effectively controlling pain and inflammation after canine soft tissue surgery. Deracoxib reduces the inhibition of COX-1 and lowers the risk of gastrointestinal side effects. Deracoxib induces tumor cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and shows anti-tumor activity in canine osteosarcoma, breast tumors and bladder transitional cell carcinomas^{[1][2][3][4][5]}. In Vitro:Deracoxib (0-1000 μM, 72 h) inhibits the growth of osteosarcoma cell lines (POS, HMPOS and COS31) (IC₅₀s ranged from 70 to 150 μM) and CMT-U27 cells (IC₅₀ = 974.481 μM)^[1][2].
Deracoxib (100-250 μM, 72 h) causes fragmentation of osteosarcoma cells and loss of their ability to adhere to the surface, while it only leads to a reduction in the number of fibroblasts, with the cells maintaining normal morphology^[1].
Deracoxib (50-1000 μM, 72 h) induces G0/G1 phase arrest and cell apoptosis in CMT-U27 cells^[2].
In Vivo:Deracoxib (1-2 mg/kg, p.o., 1 dose before and 2 doses after the operation, for 3 days) has a significant therapeutic effect on pain control after soft tissue surgery in dogs^[3].
Deracoxib (3 mg/kg, p.o., once daily until progressive disease progresses) is generally well tolerated by dogs and had antitumor activity against transitional cell carcinoma (TCC)^[4].
Deracoxib (15 mg/kg, p.o., twcie daily for 26 days) prevents disease in murine Collagen (HY-NP010) induced arthritis^[2].