Insulin Detemir

Insulin Detemir is an artificial insulin, shows effect on controlling blood sugar levels. Insulin Detemir stimulates GLP-1 secretion as a consequence of enhanced Gcg expression by a mechanism involving activation of Akt- and/or extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-dependent-cat and CREB signaling pathways. Insulin Detemir can be used for type 2 diabetes research^[1][2]. In Vitro:Insulin Detemir (d-INS) (100 nM; 0.5-4 h) increases Gcg mRNA expression in primary fetal rat intestinal cell (FRIC) cultures, and (100 nM; 5 min and 10 min) induces rapid phosphorylation of Akt, as well^[1].
Insulin Detemir (100 nM; 5-120 min) increases β-catenin phosphorylation, its nuclear translocation, and enhances cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation in a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and/or mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase-sensitive manner^[1].
In Vivo:Insulin Detemir (d-INS) (5 IU/kg; i.p.; once daily; 2 weeks) demonstrates weight-sparing effects compared with other insulin formulations, and shows a intestinal tissues preference, potentially involving the activation of insulin/-catenin/CREB signaling pathways^[1].