Isethionic acid (sodium)

Isethionic acid sodium salt (2-Hydroxyethanesulfonic acid sodium; Sodium isethionate) is an endogenous mammalian Taurine (HY-B0351) metabolite. Isethionic acid sodium salt forms covalent ester linkages with cholic acid. It acts as a larval settlement inhibitor for Balanus amphitrite with larval toxicity. Isethionic acid sodium salt enables the low-temperature synthesis of highly hygroscopic water-soluble sulfonates, and its acylated derivatives serve as acidic wetting solubilizers. It is used in studies related to hepatic bile acid metabolism, biological control and organic synthesis^[1][2][3]. In Vitro:Isethionic acid sodium salt inhibits the attachment of Balanus amphitrite cyprids in a concentration-dependent manner in an in vitro seawater bioassay system, and larval mortality increases at concentrations above 0.01 mg/mL^[1].
Isethionic acid sodium salt can undergo an enzymatic reaction with bile acids under the catalysis of rat liver microsomal preparations to form choyl-ethanesulfonic acid through ester bonds^[3]. In Vivo:Isethionic acid sodium salt reaches peak organ concentration at 67 hours post-intraperitoneal injection, with highest levels in the heart, undergoes extensive metabolism in tissues, and is primarily excreted unchanged in urine within 24 hours^[2].
Isethionic acid sodium salt has a higher distribution in cardiac tissue than in muscle at the injection site^[2].