Phenelzine (sulfate)

Phenelzine sulfate, an antidepressant agent, is an irreversible and orally active monoamine oxidase (MAO-A and MAO-B) inhibitor. Phenelzine sulfate inhibits GABA transaminase and primary amine oxidase (PrAO), and sequester reactive aldehydes. Phenelzine sulfate also inhibits LSD1 (K_i: 5.6 μM) and suppresses oxidative stress and lipogenesis. Phenelzine sulfate elevates neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine). Phenelzine sulfate is studied in neurological, metabolic and cancer diseases for depression and anxiety disorders, stroke, spinal cord injury, traumatic brain injury, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, inflammatory pain, obesity and prostate cancer^[1][2][3][4]. In Vitro: Phenelzine sulfate inhibits recombinant mouse MAOA/MAOB, PIPOX, PCYOX1, ALDH2 and SCRN3 proteins^[2].
Phenelzine (80 μM; 48 h; H460) sulfate reduces H460 cell proliferation by less than 50% in a [³H]thymidine incorporation assay^[3].
Phenelzine (10-100 μM; 24 h; rat retinal ganglion cells) sulfate reduces 3-Aminopropanal-induced toxicity^[1].
Phenelzine (150-300 nmol; 30 min; phosphate-buffered saline) sulfate reduces acrolein levels in vitro^[1].
In Vivo: Phenelzine (31.6 mg/kg; drinking water; once daily; 12 weeks) sulfate exhibits lower body fat content, subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT) mass and lipid content in skeletal muscles than control, without decreases body weight gain or food consumption^[4].
Phenelzine (15 mg/kg; IP, 15 minutes post-injury) sulfate reduces acrolein and 4-HNE levels and improves recovery in a rat spinal cord injury (SCI) model^[1].
Phenelzine (aquarium water) sulfate mitigates paraquat-induced neurotoxicity in zebrafish by reducing oxidative stress and preserving dopamine levels and promotes axonal regrowth and remyelination in a zebrafish SCI model^[1].