3-Aminoisobutyric acid

3-Aminoisobutyric acid (β-Aminoisobutyric acid) has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. 3-Aminoisobutyric acid increases the expression of brown adipocyte-specific genes in white adipose tissue and fatty acid β-oxidation in hepatocytes. 3-Aminoisobutyric acid attenuates insulin resistance and inflammation induced by palmitate or a high fat diet via an AMPK-PPARδ-dependent pathway in mice. 3-Aminoisobutyric acid is a catabolic metabolite of thymine and valine in skeletal muscle^[1][2][3][4]. In Vivo:Weight is slightly decreased in the mice by the end of 3-Amino-2-methylpropanoic acid (BAIBA) treatment. Analysis of body composition using MRI demonstrates BAIBA treatment significantly decreases body fat in the mice. Consistent with the effects on thermogenic and β-oxidation gene expression and body weights, analysis with metabolic cages indicates that oxygen consumption (VO2) and whole body energy expenditure are increased in the BAIBA treated mice without any significant difference in activity or food intake. The mice are also challenged with an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT). BAIBA is found to significantly improve the glucose tolerance in the mice as determined by the area under the curve of the IPGTT^[1].