Rhosin (hydrochloride)

Rhosin hydrochloride is a potent, specific RhoA subfamily Rho GTPases inhibitor. Rhosin hydrochloride specifically binds to RhoA to inhibit RhoA-GEF interaction with a K_d of ~ 0.4 uM, and does not interact with Cdc42 or Rac1, nor the GEF, LARG. Rhosin hydrochloride induces cell apoptosis^[1][2]. Rhosin hydrochloride promotes stress resiliency through enhancing D1-MSN plasticity and reducing hyperexcitability^[3]. IC50 & Target:Kd: 0.4 uM (RhoA)^[1] In Vitro: Rhosin hydrochloride dose-dependently reduces RhoA and p-MLC1 activities of MCF7 cell-derived mammospheres with an EC₅₀ ~30-50 μM, and causes decreased size and reduced number of mammospheres in MCF7 cells^[1]. In Vivo: Rhosin (40 mg/kg; i.p.) treatment prevents social avoidance caused by social defeat stress. Rhosin also blocks sucrose preference deficits induced by defeat in C57Bl6/J (Jackson) mice^[3].
Rhosin (30 μM; bilateral, intra- Nucleus Accumbens (NAc) infusions) attenuates stress-induced social avoidance. Rhosin blocks stress-induced hyperexcitability in NAc dopamine 1 receptor medium spiny neurons (D1-MSNs). Rhosin prevents decreased excitatory transmission on NAc D1-MSNs. Rhosin enhances spine density in defeat mice^[3].