Rivastigmine

Rivastigmine (ENA 713 free base) is an orally active and potent cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitor and inhibits butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and acetylcholinesteras (AChE) with IC₅₀s of 0.037 μM , 4.15 μM, respectively. Rivastigmine can pass the blood brain barrier (BBB). Rivastigmine is a parasympathomimetic or cholinergic agent used for the research of mild to moderate dementia of the Alzheimer's type and dementia due to Parkinson's disease^[1][2]. IC50 & Target:IC50: 0.037 μM (BChE) and 4.15 μM (AChE)^[1] In Vitro: Rivastigmine (ENA 713 free base; 1 μM; 24 hours) reduces LPS (2.5 μg/ml)-induced TNF-α and IL-6 by 50% and 46% combined with carbachol (10 μM), respectively and does not cause any significant reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokines ^[3].
Rivastigmine (1 μM), carbachol (10 μM), or a combination of both drugs, does not have a cytotoxic effect on activated cells^[3].
In Vivo: Rivastigmine (ENA 713 free base; 0.5-2.5 mg/kg; IP; 60 min before the tests) significantly and dose-dependently improved the behavioral impairments caused by Aluminum (HY-B1521)^[4].
Rivastigmine (0.5, 1 mg/kg/day; s.c; for 8 days) reduces by about 50% and 60% respectively, the concentration of IL-6 but not those of TNF-α and IL-1β in BALB/c OlaHsd male mice aged 8-9 weeks weighing 200–250 g with acute colitis^[3].
Rivastigmine (1 mg/kg), but not (0.5 mg/kg), partially antagonized colon shrinkage and completely prevented bleeding. Treatment with rivastigmine (0.5 mg/kg) causes little change in these pathological manifestations, but rivastigmine (1 mg/kg) causes a partial restoration of the structure of the crypts and a reduction in sub-mucosal edema and cell infiltration. Rivastigmine (1 mg/kg) causes a 4.7% reduction in body weight at the end of the experiment^[3].