Fenitrothion

Fenitrothion is a broad-spectrum and orally active insecticide/acaricide. Fenitrothion inhibits cholinesterase, AMPKα and IRS1/PI3K/AKT. Fenitrothion causes Apoptosis, reduces SOD activity. Fenitrothion shows insecticidal effect against Rhyzopertha dominica and Tribolium castaneum adults. Fenitrothion is widely used in cotton crops, vegetable crops, fruit crops and field crops, especially rice. Fenitrothion can be used for brain and spleen toxicology studies^{[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]}. In Vitro: Fenitrothion (10-100 μM; 2 h) decreases the viability of isolated rat hepatocytes, reduces the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, GSH-Px and GST in isolated rat hepatocytes^[1].
Fenitrothion (45-450 μM; 24 h) induces glucose metabolism disorders in rat liver BRL cells by inhibiting AMPKα and IRS1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway^[2].
Fenitrothion (Fenitrothion emulsion; 0.015 mL/kg of wheat) shows insecticidal effect against Rhyzopertha dominica and Tribolium castaneum adults on stored wheat, and reduces the damaged insect grains and progeny production^[3]. In Vivo: Fenitrothion (5-10 mg/kg BW; p.o.; 4-5 days/week; for 9 weeks) selectively affects splenic T cells in Wistar rats, reduces the percentage of splenic CD8⁺ T cells and the ratio of CD8/CD4, and decreases the weight of the spleen and body weight^[5].
Fenitrothion (20 mg/kg BW; p.o.; 30 days) causes hematological changes, immunotoxicity, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in the brain and spleen tissues of male Sprague Dawley rats^[6].