Aurothioglucose

Aurothioglucose (Gold thioglucose), containing monovalent gold ion, is a potent active-site inhibitor of TrxR1 (thioredoxin reductase 1), with an IC₅₀ of 65 nM. Aurothioglucose inhibits the DNA binding of NF-κB in vitro. Aurothioglucose shows anti-HIV and anti-rheumatic activities^[1][2]. IC50 & Target:IC₅₀: 65 nM (TrxR1)^[1] In Vitro:Aurothioglucose (0-100 μM, 24-72 h) inhibits TrxR1 activity in HeLa cell cytosol but has no effect on the viability of the cells^[1].
Aurothioglucose (0-30 μM, 6 h) exhibits very low cytotoxicity on cells^[1].
Aurothioglucose (0-20 μM, 24 h) combined with Ebselen (HY-13750) shows a strong synergistic effect, leading to Trx1 (thioredoxin 1) oxidation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and cell death^[1].
Aurothioglucose (0-100 μM, 3-12 days) inhibits p24 levels in OM10.1 and Ach2 cells, and inhibits HIV-1 replication in vitro^[2].
Aurothioglucose (0-25 μM, 12 days) increases the accumulation of metal gold in a dose-dependent manner^[2]. In Vivo:Aurothioglucose (25 mg/kg, i.p., single) significantly attenuates lung injury and enhances survival in a clinically relevant murine model of ARDS. The protective effects of Aurothioglucose are GSH dependent^[3].
Aurothioglucose (300 mg/kg, i.p., single) induces hypothalamic obesity in mice^[4].