3-TYP

3-TYP is an inhibitor of SIRT3 (IC₅₀of 38 μM) and an inhibitor of Methionine Adenosyltransferase (MAT) 2 and Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO). There may be many off-target sites for 3-TYP that need to be examined, such as NAD-dependent enzymes, including dehydrogenases^[1][2][3]. IC50 & Target:Targets: Sirtuin (SIRT) 3, Methionine Adenosyltransferase (MAT) 2, Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO)^[3]
IC50: ~38 μM (SIRT3)^[3] In Vitro:3-TYP inhibits melatonin-enhanced SIRT3 activity but does not affect SIRT3 protein expression. 3-TYP pretreatment reverses the protective effects of melatonin on cadmium (Cd)-induced mitochondrial-derived O^2- production and autophagic cell death. 3-TYP significantly attenuates melatonin-induced increases in deacetylated-SOD2 expression and SOD2 activity in HepG2 cells exposed to Cd^[1]. In Vivo:3-TYP (50 mg/kg, i.p.) does not significantly influence the LVEF, LVFS, infarct size, serum LDH levels, apoptosis, and oxidative stress compared with those of the Sham group. Moreover, 3-TYP has little effect on gp91phox, Nrf2, NQO 1, Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3, and cleaved Caspase-3 expression levels, compared with the Sham group. 3-TYP significantly decreases SIRT3 activity and increases the acetylation of SOD2 compared with that in the control group, without influencing SIRT3 expression. 3-TYP attenuates the cardioprotective effects of melatonin by decreasing the LVEF and LVFS after 24 hour of reperfusion. 3-TYP also increases the infarct size, serum LDH levels, and apoptotic ratio compared with those in the IR+Mel group^[2].