Tranexamic acid

Tranexamic acid (cyclocapron), a cyclic analog of lysine, is an orally active antifibrinolytic agent. Tranexamic acid attenuates the effects of severe trauma, inhibits urokinase plasminogen activator and ameliorates dry wrinkles. Tranexamic acid can used for the research of hemostasis. Tranexamic acid is a PROTAC linker. Tranexamic acid is used to synthesize PROTACs (e.g. LZ-07 (HY-172590))^{[1][2][3][4][5][6]}. In Vitro:Tranexamic acid (20-100 μg/mL, 24 h) attenuates the effects of severe trauma by enhancing mitochondrial respiration, suppressing damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) release and improving capillary integrity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human arterial endothelial cells (HAECs)^[1].
Tranexamic acid (0.2-5 mM, 30 min) inhibits cell migration of MDA-MB-231 BAG breast cancer cells^[2]. In Vivo:Tranexamic acid (100 mg/kg, i.v., twice a day for 3-28 days) facilitates a more robust immune activation after traumatic brain injury in plasminogen-deficient mice^[3].
Tranexamic acid (750 mg/kg, p.o., once a day for 20 consecutive days) decreases the proliferation of mast cells and increases the proliferation of fibroblasts, subsequently improving wrinkles caused by skin dryness in mice^[4].