Taurodeoxycholate (sodium salt) (Standard)

Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt (Standard) is a bile salt (Standard)-related anionic detergent. Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt (Standard) is formed in the liver by conjugation of deoxycholate with Taurine (HY-B0351). Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt (Standard) is used for isolation of membrane proteins including inner mitochondrial membrane proteins. Taurodeoxycholate (TDCA) exhibits anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects^{[1][2][3][9][10]}. In Vitro:Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt (Standard) (Taurodeoxycholic acid form) shows agonist activity at human TGR5 expressed in CHO cells by luciferase assay, with an EC₅₀ of 0.79 μM^[4].
Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt (Standard) (Taurodeoxycholic acid form, 16 h) shows agonist activity at wild type and Y89A mutant human TGR5 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as rise in intracellular cAMP level, with EC₅₀s of 0.68 and 8.9 μM, respectively^[5].
Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt (Standard) (Taurodeoxycholic acid form, 50 μM, 100 μM; 4 h) increases oligonucleosomal DNA cleavage and apoptotic nuclei in primary human hepatocytes^[6].
Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt (Standard) (Taurodeoxycholic acid form, 400 μM, 18-24 h) increases DNA fragmentation and PARP cleavage in human liver-derived cell line Huh7 cells, thus induces apoptosis^[8].
Taurodeoxycholate (0.05-1.00 mM; 1-6 days) sodium salt (Standard) stimulates intestinal epithelial cell proliferation^[8].
Taurodeoxycholate (0.05-1.00 mM; 24 h) sodium salt (Standard) induces a significant increase in S-phase concentration and a significant decrease in G1-phase concentration of the cell cycle, increases c-myc protein and mRNA expression in IEC-6 cells^[8].
Taurodeoxycholate (25-400 ng/mL, with a four-fold dilution, 3 h) sodium salt (Standard) inhibits the activation of NF-κB in lipopolysaccharide-activated bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) by activating the cAMP-PKA axis^[9].
In Vivo:Taurodeoxycholate (1.25-5 mg/kg, p.o., 6 days) sodium salt (Standard) ameliorates dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice^[9].
Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt (Standard) (Taurodeoxycholic acid form, 50 mg/kg; i.p.; once daliy for 34 d) prevents neuropathology and associated behavioral deficits in the 3-nitropropionic acid rat model of Huntington's disease (HD) ^[10].
Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt (Standard) (Taurodeoxycholic acid form, 500 mg/kg; s.c.; once every 3 d for 7 weeks) leads to a significant reduction in striatal neuropathology of the R6/2 transgenic HD mouse^[11].
Taurodeoxycholate (0.5 mg/kg; i.v., once) sodium salt (Standard) confers protection to C57BL/6N mice with sepsis, but does not protect TGR5 KO mice under sepsis^[12].