Ligandrol

Ligandrol is an orally active, selective androgen receptor (AR) agonist. Ligandrol enhances protein synthesis, inhibits muscle breakdown and oxidative stress, improves muscle cell viability and bone tissue microstructure, and reduces Cisplatin (HY-17394)-induced muscle toxicity and apoptosis. Ligandrol promotes muscle growth, protects bone structure, and has anti-diabetic, anti-apoptotic and antioxidant effects. Ligandrol can antagonize Streptozotocin (HY-13753) damage to pancreatic islets and improve the symptoms of type 2 diabetes^[1][2][3]. In Vitro:Ligandrol increases insulin secretion in MIN6 cells within 2 hours exprouse^[1].
Ligandrol (0.5-50 mg/L; 24 h) increased cell viability, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and caspase 3/7 expression in a concentration-dependent manner, and decreased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, total oxidative state (TOS), DNA fragmentation, lipid peroxidation and intracellular calcium concentration in the mouse skeletal muscle cell line C2C12^[2].
In Vivo:Ligandrol (0.3 mg/kg, 1 mg/kg; oral) significantly reduces body weight and fasting blood glucose levels in high-fat diet (HFD) and Streptozotocin (HY-13753)-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mouse models, increases neurogenic differentiation of AR target genes, and prevents pancreatic islet degeneration^[1].
Ligandrol (0.5 mg/kg; oral gavage; once daily; 3 weeks) improves muscle strength and function, increases muscle mass, and reduces Cisplatin (HY-17394)-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in a mouse model of muscle atrophy^[2].