Ilexhainanoside D

Ilexhainanoside D is the main triterpenoid saponin extracted from Ilex hainanensis Merr., and the combination of Ilexhainanoside D and ilexsaponin A1 has anti-inflammation effect^[1]. In Vivo: The combination of Ilexhainanoside D and Ilexsaponin A (60, 120 or 240?mg/kg; for 8 weeks) treatment significantly reduces the severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) induced by high-fat diet in a dose-dependent manner. The combination of Ilexhainanoside D and Ilexsaponin A treatment decreases the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes, reduces the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio and increases the relative abundance of Akkermansia. The intestinal barrier is improved as evidenced by the upregulation of the expression of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin in the ileum. The combination of Ilexhainanoside D and Ilexsaponin A treatment reduces the entry of LPS into the circulation and decreases the hepatic gene expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines^[1].