Oligomycin B

Oligomycin B is an antibiotic that acts as a non-selective inhibitor of ATP Synthase. Oligomycin B increases mitochondrial membrane potential. Oligomycin B induces apoptosis and necrosis. Oligomycin B impairs the motility of Plasmopara viticola zoospores and induces their lysis. Oligomycin B inhibits Magnaporthe oryzae (wheat blast fungus) and suppresses the development of wheat blast. Oligomycin B reduces hyphal growth and spore germination of Botrytis cinerea, and protects Arabidopsis thaliana against Botrytis cinerea infection. Oligomycin B exacerbates cytotoxic brain edema in rats with cerebral cortical contusion, increases intracranial pressure and brain water content, and aggravates mitochondrial damage in these rats. Oligomycin B is used in studies related to grape downy mildew, traumatic brain injury, wheat blast, and gray mold^{[1][2][3][4][5]}. In Vitro:Oligomycin B promotes the formation of JC-1 J-aggregates and increases the mitochondrial membrane potential of P388D1 cells^[1].
Oligomycin B (20-50 μM; 24 h) induces apoptosis (at low concentrations) and predominantly necrosis (at high concentrations) in P388D1 cells, with an apoptosis rate of 25% observed at the concentration of 20 μM^[1].
Oligomycin B (0-0.5 μg/mL; 0-60 min) impairs the motility of Plasmopara viticola zoospores and induces their lysis in a dose- and time-dependent manner, with corresponding IC₅₀ values of 0.15 and 0.2 μg/mL; complete inhibition of zoospore motility and induction of lysis are achieved at concentrations as low as 0.25 μg/mL (after 60 min of treatment) or 0.5 μg/mL (after 30 min of treatment)^[2].
Oligomycin B (0.05-2 μg/disk) inhibits the mycelial growth of the wheat-specialized isolate BTJP of *Magnaporthe oryzae* in a dose-dependent manner, with an inhibition rate of 8.63% at 0.05 μg/disk and 57.1% at 2 μg/disk, and also induces abnormal mycelial morphology^[4].
Oligomycin B (5-100 μg/mL; 24 h) inhibits conidiation of Magnaporthe oryzae Triticum^[4].
Oligomycin B (0.05 μg/mL; 6-24 h) inhibits conidial germination of Magnaporthe oryzae Triticum, induces conidial lysis and abnormal germ tube development, and completely blocks its germination and subsequent growth within 24 h^[4].
Oligomycin B (10-150 μg/disc; 3 days) inhibits mycelial growth of Botrytis cinerea in the disc diffusion assay, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 10 µg/disc^[5].
Oligomycin B (5-20 µg/mL; 24 h) delays or inhibits spore germination of Botrytis cinerea in a concentration-dependent manner. It achieves complete inhibition at 20 µg/mL, while exerting a strong delaying effect at 10 µg/mL^[5].
Oligomycin B (5-100 μg/mL) dose-dependently inhibits the development of wheat blast lesions on detached wheat leaves, and achieves complete inhibition at 100 μg/mL^[4].
Oligomycin B (75% cell-free filtrate of Streptomyces sp. S5.1) significantly reduces the lesion size of gray mold in Arabidopsis thaliana, with average lesion sizes decreased by approximately 61% and 58%, respectively^[5]. In Vivo:Oligomycin B (0.25 mg/kg; i.p.; two doses at 30 min and 24 h post-injury) significantly worsens post-traumatic cerebral edema, intracranial pressure elevation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuronal/axonal damage in male Sprague-Dawley rats with traumatic brain injury^[3].