Agnuside

Agnuside is used in the study of asthma, inflammation, and angiogenic diseases. Agnuside is an orally active compound that can be extracted from Vitex negundo^[1][2][3][4]. In Vitro:Agnuside (100 μM, 12-20 h) decreases the expression of iNOS, COX-2 and IL-8 proteins, and has anti-inflammatory effect in RAW264.7 and HT-29 cells stimulated by LPS (1 μg/mL/100 ng/mL) ^[2].
Agnuside (0.1-2500 ng/mL, 20-96 h) promotes angiogenesis in HUVEC by promoting cell proliferation (EC₅₀= 1.376 µg/mL) in a time- and dose-dependent manner^[3].
Agnuside (3 μM, 4 h) significantly reduces the levels of caspase-1, ASC, NLRP3, HIF-1α, IL-1β and IL-18 to inhibit inflammation in LPS (10 μg/ml) -stimulated fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs)^[4].
In Vivo:Agnuside (6.25 mg/kg; Oral administration; Single dose) reduces the levels of allergic inflammatory mediators in a dose-dependent manner and can inhibit allergic inflammation in Balb/C mice^[1]. Agnuside (6.25 mg/kg; Oral administration; Single dose) can inhibit autophagy in allergic asthma in Balb/C mice ^[1]. Agnuside (6.25 mg/kg; Oral administration; single dose) can reduce synovitis and fibrosis in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) in MIA-induced KOA mice^[4].