Dihydrocaffeic acid

Dihydrocaffeic acid is a microbial metabolite of flavonoids. Dihydrocaffeic acid scavenges intracellular ROS and increases nitric oxide synthase activity. Dihydrocaffeic acid reduces phosphorylation of MAPK p38 and prevent UVB-induced skin damage. Dihydrocaffeic acid has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cartilage degradation activities^{[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]}. IC50 & Target:MAPK p38 phosphorylation^[1] In Vitro:Dihydrocaffeic acid (24-96 h) shows cytotoxicity against human Hep2 and HFF1 cells, with CD₅₀s of >200 μg/mL^[2].
. Dihydrocaffeic acid (0.15 μM-2.0 mM) shows antiproliferative activity against human U937 cells, with IC₅₀ of 212.7 μM^[3].
. Dihydrocaffeic acid (16-24 h) shows antioxidant effects in human EA.hy926 endothelial cells^[4].
Dihydrocaffeic acid (25-100 μM, 24 h) reduces cytotoxicity and pro-inflammatory cytokine production (interleukin-6 and -8) in HaCaT cells, a keratinocyte model, following UV radiation^[5].
Dihydrocaffeic acid (40 μM, 24 h) improves IL-1β-induced inflammation and cartilage degradation in mouse OA chondrocytes via inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK signalling pathways^[6].
Dihydrocaffeic acid (10 μM) significantly decreases P-selectin expression in ADP-stimulated platelets^[7].
In Vivo:Dihydrocaffeic acid (3-30 mg/kg, i.p.) protects against ischemia-induced neuronal damage and cerebral edema in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia^[8].