PhIP
CAS No. : 105650-23-5
(Synonyms: 2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine)
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| Cat. No. : | HY-118716 |
| M.Wt: | 224.26 |
| Formula: | C13H12N4 |
| Purity: | >98 % |
| Solubility: | DMSO : 25 mg/mL (ultrasonic;warming;heat to 60°C) |
PhIP (2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine) is the most abundant of generation of heterocyclic amines (HCA), resulted in the cooking of meat[1][2]. DNA damaging and mutagenic activities. PhIP also has oestrogenic activity that could contribute to its tissue specific carcinogenicity[2].
In Vitro:PhIP causes widespread and largely over-lapping effects on miRNA expression. PhIP induces widespread effects via activation of oestrogen receptor alpha (ERα). Deregulation of miRNA by PhIP could potentially be an important non-DNA-damaging carcinogenic mechanism in breast cancer[2].
In Vivo:Note:
Please do not refer to only one article to determine the experimental conditions. It is recommended to determine the optimal experimental conditions (animal strain, age, dosage, frequency and cycle, detection time and indicators, etc.) through preliminary experiments before the formal experiment.
PhIP (400 p.p.m. in diet) induces colon carcinogenesis in male F344 rats, progressing through defined phases: PhIP-DNA adduct formation (peaking at 1-8 weeks), subsequent crypt cell hyperproliferation (4-12 weeks), and the emergence of preneoplastic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) by 14 weeks. This sequence, upon continuous exposure for 52 weeks, results in colon carcinomas at an incidence of about 50%[3][4]
PhIP (400 p.p.m. in diet), employing an intermittent high-fat regimen, efficiently induces colon carcinogenesis in male F344 rats, with an incidence of ~45% within 60 weeks[5].
PhIP (total dose 200 mg/kg, i.g.) induces the formation of small intestinal tumors at the ages of weeks 28-40 in obese hCYP1A-db/db mice[6].
Administration: 400 p.p.m. in diet • p.o. • daily for 52 weeks;
2. Rats: F344 rats • male • maintained on a high-fat diet throughout • 6-week-old
Administration: 400 p.p.m. in diet • p.o. • 2 weeks, followed by 4 weeks of high-fat diet alone, the cycle repeated 3 times, followed by the high-fat diet for 42 weeks
Cellular changes: Hyperproliferation of crypt epithelial cells
Histology analysis: Dysplastic ACF, Crypt distortion
Administration: 100 mg/kg • i.g. • total 2 doses, 4 days apart, starting at 6 weeks of age.
Cellular changes: Hyperproliferation of crypt epithelial cells
Histology analysis: tubular adenomas (with dysplasia), Crypt distortion
In hCYP1A-mice, PhIP induces inflammation, epithelial cell damage, and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia in the dorsolateral prostate lobe compared to the ventral lobe. PhIP forms DNA adducts in the prostate, PhIP also induces oxidative stress, atrophy of the acini, and inflammation of the prostate of rodents[1].
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