Phyllanthin

Phyllanthin is an effective oral anticancer agent. Phyllanthin inhibits MOLT-4 cell viability, increases apoptosis, inhibits cell migration and invasion. Phyllanthin exerts anti-fibrotic effects by down-regulating TGF signaling pathway via ALK5 and Smad2/3. Phyllanthin also has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties ^{[1] [2] [3]}. IC50 & Target:Inhibits TGF-β1 with inhibition constant of 33.15 mM. In Vitro:Phyllanthin (1.56, 6.25 and 25μM; 2 h) inhibits LPS (HY-D1056) induced proinflammatory responses in U937 macrophages ^[4].
Phyllanthin (5-100 μM/mL; 24 h) inhibits cell growth with an IC ₅₀ value of 25 µM/mL, and induces apoptosis in MOLT-4 leukemia cancer cells ^[3].
Phyllanthin is predicted to have strong activity against COVID-19 through inhibiting spike glycoprotein and main protease ^[7]. In Vivo:Phyllanthin (10 mg/kg; oral administration; once a day; 30 days) has protective effects in carbon tetrachloride (HY-Y0298) induced hepatotoxicity and experimental liver fibrosis in mice ^[2].
Phyllanthin (30 mg/kg; oral administration; single dose) exerts anti-tumor effects in diethylnitrosamine (HY-N7434) induced liver carcinogenesis in rats ^[5].
Phyllanthin (20-100 mg/kg; oral administration; once a day; 14 days) inhibits cellular and humoral immune responses in Balb/C mice ^[6].