Antroquinonol

Antroquinonol ((+)-Antroquinonol), a ubiquinone derivative from the mushroom Antrodia camphorata, has hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects^[1]. Antroquinonol can be used for the research of colon cancer^[2]. Antroquinonol reduces oxidative stress by enhancing the Nrf2 signaling pathway and inhibits inflammation and sclerosis in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis mice^[3]. In Vitro: Antroquinonol is a ubiquinone derivative from A.camphorata^[2].
Antroquinonol inhibits cell growth and suppresses the migratory/invasive ability of human colon cancer cells. Antroquinonol at high concentrations (40-80 μM) exhibits growth inhibitory activities in the three colon cancer cell lines, whereas low concentrations of Antroquinonol (2.5-20 μM) shows modest growth inhibition^[2].
Antroquinonol possesses the ability to inhibit breast cancer migration/invasion by inhibiting the EMT and MMP-9 gene expression^[2].
Antroquinonol has inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitory activity in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated macrophages, anti-inflammatory activity in macrophage cell cultures by reducing the production of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin (IL)-1β, and anti-cancer activity against hepatoma cells^[3]. In Vivo: Antroquinonol is a major active component of a mushroom, namely Antrodia camphorate, and it has inhibitory effects on nitric oxide production and inflammatory reactions.Antroq ameliorates proteinuria, improves renal function, and decreases renal lesions, including EPHL, a severe index of glomerular injury, in FSGS mice^[3].